2022/06/20¶
arch linux¶
arch linuxをインストールしつつLinuxの勉強
インストール時はrootでログインするのでプロンプトが#になっている
パーティション設定¶
fdiskによるパーテション作成
# fdisk -l
->インストールしたい記憶デバイス名を選択
# fdisk /dev/<device>
-> 下記のプロンプトにコマンドを入力
Command (m for help):
fdiskコマンドのヘルプ
Command (m for help): m
Help:
GPT
M enter protective/hybrid MBR
Generic
d delete a partition
F list free unpartitioned space
l list known partition types
n add a new partition
p print the partition table
t change a partition type
v verify the partition table
i print information about a partition
Misc
m print this menu
x extra functionality (experts only)
Script
I load disk layout from sfdisk script file
O dump disk layout to sfdisk script file
Save & Exit
w write table to disk and exit
q quit without saving changes
Create a new label
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create a new empty SGI (IRIX) partition table
o create a new empty DOS partition table
s create a new empty Sun partition table
パーティションの削除（二つあったパーティションを削除した様子）
root@archiso ~ # fdisk /dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1
Partition 1 has been deleted.
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 2
Partition 2 has been deleted.
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
パーティションの作成(EFI System)
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (1-128, default 1): 1
First sector (34-125045390, default 2048): 2048
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-125045390, default 125045390): +512M
Created a new partition 1 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 512 MiB.
Partition #1 contains a vfat signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: y
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 1
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'EFI System'.
Command (m for help): i
Selected partition 1
Device: /dev/sda1
Start: 2048
End: 1050623
Sectors: 1048576
Size: 512M
Type: EFI System
Type-UUID: C12A7328-F81F-11D2-BA4B-00A0C93EC93B
UUID: 70B9D21C-7D6D-104A-B671-67970881B2D7
パーティションの作成（Linux swap）
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (2-128, default 2): 2
First sector (1050624-125045390, default 1050624):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (1050624-125045390, default 125045390): +4G
Created a new partition 2 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 4 GiB.
Partition #2 contains a ext4 signature.
Do you want to remove the signature? [Y]es/[N]o: y
The signature will be removed by a write command.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 19
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux swap'.
Command (m for help): i
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2
Device: /dev/sda2
Start: 1050624
End: 9439231
Sectors: 8388608
Size: 4G
Type: Linux swap
Type-UUID: 0657FD6D-A4AB-43C4-84E5-0933C84B4F4F
UUID: 8F2337B3-E45C-9F48-84CA-4D54326A8F34
パーティションの作成（Linux filesystem）
Command (m for help): n
Partition number (3-128, default 3): 3
First sector (9439232-125045390, default 9439232):
Last sector, +/-sectors or +/-size{K,M,G,T,P} (9439232-125045390, default 125045390):
Created a new partition 3 of type 'Linux filesystem' and of size 55.1 GiB.
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Partition type or alias (type L to list all): 20
Changed type of partition 'Linux filesystem' to 'Linux filesystem'.
Command (m for help): i
Partition number (1-3, default 3): 3
Device: /dev/sda3
Start: 9439232
End: 125045390
Sectors: 115606159
Size: 55.1G
Type: Linux filesystem
Type-UUID: 0FC63DAF-8483-4772-8E79-3D69D8477DE4
UUID: BB0CB271-F1BF-ED4B-AA45-35D9B890AA88
パーティション変更の書き込み
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered.
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
ディスクパーティション例
root@archiso ~ # fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 59.63 GiB, 64023257088 bytes, 125045424 sectors
Disk model: OSC mSATA 64GB
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disklabel type: gpt
Disk identifier: F8EAB171-87B3-4A97-9DD5-EF2F7A56C358
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 1050623 1048576 512M EFI System
/dev/sda2 1050624 9439231 8388608 4G Linux swap
/dev/sda3 9439232 125045390 115606159 55.1G Linux filesystem
ディスクパーティションの確認（lablk）
root@archiso ~ # lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 662.7M 1 loop /run/archiso/airootfs
sda 8:0 0 59.6G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part
├─sda2 8:2 0 4G 0 part
└─sda3 8:3 0 55.1G 0 part
ファイルシステムの構築¶
root@archiso ~ # mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/sda1
mkfs.fat 4.2 (2021-01-31)
root@archiso ~ # mkswap /dev/sda2
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 4 GiB (4294963200 bytes)
no label, UUID=1c63a8fe-d7ce-49b8-b2b6-80176b75f994
root@archiso ~ # mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda3
mke2fs 1.46.4 (18-Aug-2021)
Discarding device blocks: done
Creating filesystem with 14450688 4k blocks and 3619728 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 71e2a5fa-e729-4905-8cba-830240ce2b63
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (65536 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
ファイルシステムのマウント
root@archiso ~ # mount /dev/sda3 /mnt
root@archiso ~ # swapon /dev/sda2
root@archiso ~ # mkdir /mnt/boot
root@archiso ~ # mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
root@archiso ~ # lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 7:0 0 662.7M 1 loop /run/archiso/airootfs
sda 8:0 0 59.6G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 512M 0 part /mnt/boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 4G 0 part [SWAP]
└─sda3 8:3 0 55.1G 0 part /mnt
sdb 8:16 1 14.5G 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 1 14.5G 0 part /run/archiso/bootmnt
root@archiso ~ # mount | grep /mnt
/dev/sda3 on /mnt type ext4 (rw,relatime)
/dev/sda1 on /mnt/boot type vfat (rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro)
検索用タグ¶
arch, Linux, ファイルシステム, パーティション, fdisk, lsblk